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Nitroethane
Nitroethane is a colorless, oily, and flammable nitroalkane liquid with the chemical formula C2H5NO2. It has a mild, fruity odor and serves as a versatile solvent for polymers, adhesives, and coatings. Nitroethane is widely used as an intermediate in the production of pharmaceuticals, explosives, and propellants, and is well known for its role in synthetic chemistry, particularly in Henry (nitroaldol) reactions.
Key Details:
Chemical Formula: C2H5NO2
Description: Clear to slightly yellowish, oily liquid with a mild, pleasant odor. It is slightly soluble in water (approximately 4.5 g/100 mL at 20°C) and has a density of about 1.052 g/cm3.
Common Uses:
- Solvent: Used in specialized paints and coatings, adhesives (including dissolution of cyanoacrylates), and cellulose acetate formulations.
- Chemical Synthesis: Important building block for pharmaceuticals (e.g., methyldopa), agrochemicals, and other fine chemicals.
- Fuel / Propellants: Used as a fuel additive, propellant component, and precursor for nitromethane‑like energetic compounds.
Hazards: Flammable liquid and vapor. Nitroethane can be toxic and may form shock‑sensitive or reactive mixtures when exposed to strong bases or oxidizing agents. Proper handling and storage are required.
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