N‑Heptane

N‑Heptane is a clear, volatile, and highly flammable straight‑chain alkane with the chemical formula C₇H₁₆. It has a faint petroleum‑like odor and, as a saturated hydrocarbon, is commonly used as a non‑polar solvent, a laboratory reagent, in paints and coatings, and as the zero‑point standard for gasoline octane rating tests.

Key Details:

Chemical Formula: C₇H₁₆ (also written as H₃C(CH₂)₅CH₃)

Description: Colorless, volatile liquid that is insoluble in water but miscible with many organic solvents. It has a boiling point of approximately 98°C.

Common Uses:

• Solvent: Used as a non‑polar solvent in laboratories (HPLC, spectrophotometry) and in industrial applications for extracting oils and fats.
• Fuel Standard: Serves as the zero‑point reference on the octane rating scale (0% iso‑octane, 100% n‑heptane).
• Industry: Used in rubber cement, paints, coatings, and pharmaceutical manufacturing.

Safety: Highly flammable liquid and vapor. Exposure may cause central nervous system (CNS) depression and skin irritation.

N‑Heptane is also frequently used in fire research and as a component in, or a precursor for, high‑performance fuels.

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