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2,4‑Dinitroanisole (DNAN)
2,4‑Dinitroanisole (DNAN) is a low-sensitivity, yellow crystalline aromatic nitro compound with the chemical formula C7H6N2O5. It is primarily used as an insensitive, melt-castable explosive replacement for TNT in munitions. DNAN exhibits lower shock sensitivity and higher thermal stability than TNT, while also serving as a chemical intermediate in dye and pesticide production.
Key Details:
Chemical Formula: C7H6N2O5
Description: Pale yellow crystalline solid based on a methoxybenzene core with two nitro groups. It has a melting point of approximately 94–96°C and is highly stable. DNAN is soluble in organic solvents such as acetone and benzene.
Common Uses:
- Insensitive Munitions: Key component in melt-cast insensitive munitions (IM) formulations such as IMX‑101, IMX‑104, and PAX explosives.
- Chemical Synthesis: Used as an intermediate in the manufacture of dyes, pesticides, and specialty chemicals.
DNAN delivers approximately 90% of the explosive power of TNT while offering improved safety characteristics. It is generally considered less toxic than TNT; however, it may pose risks to aquatic life and soil organisms if improperly released into the environment.
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